PRE-COLONIAL ERA

Pre-colonial era == ==

The scholars [[India]] has written about [[Dwipantara]] or kingdom [[Hindu]] [[Java Dwipa]] on the island of [[Java]] and [[Sumatra]] around [[200 BC]]. Initial physical evidence is the date from the 5th century the two kingdoms-print [[Hinduism]]: Kingdom of [[Tarumanagara]] control of [[West Java]] and [[Kingdom of Kutai]] on the coast of [[Mahakam River]] , [[Borneo]]. In the year [[425]] religion [[Buddhism]] has reached the area.

At the time [[Europe]] into the [[Renaissance]], [[archipelago]] has a legacy of thousands of years old civilizations with two great kingdoms of [[Srivijaya]] in [[Sumatra]] and [[Majapahit]] in [[Java]], plus dozens of small kingdoms which often become [[vazal]] is more powerful neighbors or connected to each other in a kind of bond trading (as in [[Maluku]]).

=== Hindu-Buddhist kingdom ===

((main | Indonesia: Era of Hindu-Buddhist kingdom))
[[Image: Inscription tugu.jpg | thumb | 200px | Tugu inscription remains of King [[Purnawarman of Taruma]]]]
In the 4th century until the 7th century in the West Java region is patterned kingdom of Hindu-Buddhist kingdom [[Tarumanagara]] followed by [[Kingdom of Sunda]] until the 16th century. In the [[7th century]] to [[14th century]], royal Buddhist [[Srivijaya]] flourished in Sumatra. Explorers of China [[I Ching]] to visit the capital [[Palembang]] around the year [[670]]. At the peak, the Srivijaya controlled the extent [[West Java]] and [[Peninsular Malays]]. The 14th century also witnessed the rise of an empire [[Hindu]] in [[East Java]], [[Majapahit]]. Majapahit grand vizier of the year [[1331]] until [[1364]], [[Gajah Mada]] succeeded in obtaining power over what is now part of Indonesia and its magnitude is almost the entire peninsula Malays. Inherited from the Gajah Mada, including codifying the law and in Javanese culture, as seen in [[epic]]''[[Ramayana ]]''.



Islamic Empire === ===

((main | Islamic kingdom in Indonesia))

[[Islam]] as a government presence in Indonesia around the [[12th century]], but actually [[Islam]] has been entered into the [[Indonesia]] in the 7th century [[BC]]. It was a busy shipping lane and the international nature through the Malacca Strait that connects the Tang Dynasty in China, the Srivijaya in Southeast Asia and the Umayyad dynasty in Western Asia Sunanto 7.Musyrifah century, History of Civilization Islamic Indonesia, 2005, Rajawali Press, pp. 8-9; Suryanegara Ahmad Mansur, Discovering History, 1998, cet. IV, Mizan, pp. 92-93; A. Hasymi, History Log, and the rapid development of Islam in Indonesia: Kumpulan working paper at a seminar in Aceh, 1993, cet. 3, al-Ma'arif, pp. 7; Hadi Arifin, Malikussaleh: Pearl of Pasai, 2005, PT. Madani Press, pp. Xvi; Encyclopedia of Islamic World Thematic Southeast Asia, the arrival and spread of Islam by Dr. Uka Tjandrasasmita, 2002, New Ichtiar Van Hoeve, Jakarta, p. 9-27. In some other literature mentioned that Islam arrived in Indonesia to the 9th century. Some say the 13th century. However, Islam actually go to Indonesia 7M century, and evolved into a political institution 9M century, and the 13m century Islamic political forces become very strong.

According to the sources of [[China]] by the end of the third quarter of 7th century, a merchant [[The Arabs | Arab]] became the leader of the Muslim Arab settlements on the coast of [[Sumatra]]. [[Islam]] also gives effect to the existing political institutions. This is apparent on Year 100 AH (718 AD) [[King]] [[Srivijaya]] [[Jambi]] called [[Srindravarman]] sent a letter to the [[Caliph]] 'Umar ibn' Abdul 'Aziz of the Khilafah Banu Umayyad request sent da `i who can explain Islam to him. The letter read: "From the King of Kings who is the descendant of a thousand kings, whose wife was also the grandson of a thousand kings, who in the animal cages are a thousand elephants, who in his area there are two rivers that irrigate the gaharu tree, perfumed spices, nutmeg and lime the fragrant scented balls to reach a distance of 12 miles, to the Arab King who did not associate other gods with [[God]]. I have sent to you gift, which is actually a gift that not too much, but just a sign of friendship. I want you to send me someone who can teach the [[Islamic]] to me and tell me about its laws. "Two years later, the year 720 AD, King Srindravarman, originally [[Hinduism]], converted to Islam. Sriwijaya Jambi also known by the name of Islam Sribuza. Unfortunately, in the year 730 AD Srivijaya Srivijaya Jambi captured by [[Palembang]] which still adhered to [[Buddhism]]. Musyrifah Sunanto, op cit. p. 6.

[[Islam]] continue to be mengokoh political institutions that carry Islam. For example, an Islamic sultanate called Sultanate Peureulak established on 1 Muharram 225H or 12 November of 839M. Another example is the kingdom of Ternate. Islam entered the kingdom in the Maluku islands in 1440. King, a Muslim named Bayang Ullah.

[[Empire]] [[Islam]] then semikin disseminate his teachings to the people and through assimilation, replacing the Hindu as the main beliefs in the late [[16th century]] in Java and Sumatra. Only [[Bali]] which retains the majority Hindus. On the island in the east, spiritual leaders, spiritual leaders [[Christian]] and [[Muslim]] is known to have active in the 16th century and the [[17th century | 17]], and now there is a large majority of both religion on the island.

The spread of Islam carried / pushed through trade relations outside the archipelago; this case, because the propagator [[propaganda]] or [[preachers]] is the messenger of the Islamic government migrant from outside [[Indonesia]], then to support myself and family them, the [[preachers]] It works through trade, the preachers of Islam to spread the program to the [[trader]] of the natives, until the merchants are embracing Islam and also transmit to other people, because most traders and experts kingdom / empire was the first to adopt the new religion. Sultanate / Kingdom of importance including the [[Empire | Ocean Pasai]], [[Sultanate of Banten]] which established diplomatic relations with European countries, [[Kingdom of Mataram]] in [[Yogja]] / [[Java]], and [[Sultanate of Ternate]] and [[Sultanate of Tidore]] in [[Maluku]] in the east.


SOURCE: WIKIPEDIA